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Can Information Influence the Social Insurance Participation Decision of China's Rural Migrants?

Autor: Giles, John; Meng, Xin; Xue, Sen; Zhao, Guochang
Año: 2018
Resumen: This paper uses a randomized information intervention to shed light on whether poor understanding of social insurance, both the process of enrolling and costs and benefits, drives the relatively low rates of participation in urban health insurance and pension programs among China's rural-urban migrants. Among workers without a contract, the information intervention has a strong positive effect on participation in health insurance and, among younger age groups, in pension programs. Migrants are responsive to price: in cities where the premiums are low relative to earnings, information induces health insurance participation, while declines are observed in cities with high relative premiums.

Fuente: Banco Mundial
Clasificación: Seguro
Tipo de Publicación: Documentos de Trabajo
Idioma:

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On Financing Retirement, Health, and Long-term Care in Japan

Autor: McGrattan, Ellen R.; Miyachi, Kazuaki; Peralta, Adrian
Año: 2018
Resumen: Japan faces the problem of how to finance retirement, health, and long-term care expenditures as the population ages. This paper analyzes the impact of policy options intended to address this problem by employing a dynamic general equilibrium overlapping generations model, specifically parameterized to match both the macroeconomic and microeconomic level data of Japan. We find that financing the costs of aging through gradual increases in the consumption tax rate delivers a better macroeconomic performance and higher welfare for most individuals than other financing options, including those of raising social security contributions, debt financing, and a uniform increase in health and long-term care copayments.

Fuente: Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI)
Clasificación: Demografía
Tipo de Publicación: Documentos de Trabajo
Idioma:

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Demographics, Old-Age Transfers and the Current Account

Autor: Mai, Chi Dao; Jones, Callum
Año: 2018
Resumen: Building on the evolving literature on the topic, this paper reviews the relationship between demographics and long-run capital flows in both theory and in the data. For this purpose, we develop a two region overlapping generations model where countries differ in their population growth and mortality risk. Besides exploring the implications of demographics for saving and the current account over the long-run, we also study how these might be affected by differences in the coverage and sustainability of old-age transfer schemes. The model predicts that population structure and life expectancy (which affects the need to save to meet old age consumption) affect current account levels, and that while countries with more generous unfunded transfer schemes tend to have lower saving and more capital inflows over the long-run, this effect may be dampened by natural limits (on taxation) of these schemes. The key predictions of the model are generally supported by a rich panel dataset.

Fuente: Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI)
Clasificación: Demografía
Tipo de Publicación: Documentos de Trabajo
Idioma:

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Financing Social Protection in Tanzania

Autor: Ajwad, Mohamed Ihsan; Abels, Miglena; Novikova, Marina; Mohammed, Muderis Abdulahi; Ajwad, Mohamed Ihsan
Año: 2018
Resumen: This note assesses whether social protection programs are adequately financed in mainland Tanzania. We find that social protection programs are an important component of Government expenditures, and complements other Government social spending, including education and health spending. In recent years, the Government has strengthened social protection by: (i) increasing social protection expenditures; (ii) shifting social assistance from generally inefficient food and in-kind programs to more efficient cash-based programs; (iii) shifting social assistance from relatively untargeted programs to those which are targeted to poor people; and (iv) easing demand side constraints faced by households investing in human capital. Despite these positive developments, challenges to social protection remain: (i) social assistance and employment programs remain underfunded relative to the needs of the population; (ii) development partner financing remains crucial even though they are prone to external risks; (iii) little isknown about which social welfare services and employment programs work well; (iv) many pensionparameters are not in line with best-practice and therefore, sustainability can be improved; (v) generalized subsidies, which are notoriously bad instruments to target poor people, are absorbing Government resources in a tight fiscal environment.

Fuente: Banco Mundial
Clasificación: Seguridad Social y Sistemas de Pensiones
Tipo de Publicación: Notas de Pensiones
Idioma:

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Demographic changes

Autor: Asociación Internacional de la Seguridad Social (AISS)
Año: 2017
Resumen: This report, the fourth and last in an ISSA series seeking to assist members in anticipating and reacting to megatrends, summarizes selected demographic trends likely to have significant future impacts on social security institutions. It builds on important work completed by the Association on demographic trends and proactive and preventive approaches during previous trienniums, and contributes to the new ISSA focus on the “ten global challenges” facing social security identified at the ISSA World Social Security Forum 2016. Social security exists to respond to life-cycle risks. Demographic changes directly affect the nature of these risks and the ability of institutions to respond effectively to them in the benefits and services they provide. As for the other megatrends studied previously, the report highlights the fact that social security administrations can often both mitigate and influence positively the impacts of future demographic evolution. This report assists institutions by anticipating and predicting future trends, analysing their impact on social security systems and considers the measures with which to respond. It thereby provides useful support to other measures put in place by governments and policy-makers in a rapidly changing world. Anticipating and reacting to the external environment in which social security operates is a crucial part of what social security institutions are and should be doing. Evidence suggests that the greater degree to which institutions can prepare for the likely impacts of these trends, the better and more efficient will be their responses. The scope of the report is wide and the aim, on the one hand, is to focus on those trends most likely to impact social security institutions and, on the other hand, to focus on nascent trends that are subject to significant levels of uncertainty

Fuente: Asociación Internacional de la Seguridad Social (AISS)
Clasificación: Demografía
Tipo de Publicación: Informes
Idioma:

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