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Falling Through The Net?

Autor: Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONE) Mujeres; Jolly, Margaret; Lee, Helen; Lepani, Katherine; Naupa, Anna; Rooney, Michelle
Año: 2015
Resumen: This paper analyzes the gender dimensions of social protection in three countries in the Pacific region – Papua New Guinea, Tonga and Vanuatu – and explores how best to approach social protection so as to promote gender equality rather than risk reinscribing prevailing gender inequalities. It was produced for UN Women’s flagship report Progress of the World’s Women 2015-2016 to be released as part of the UN Women discussion paper series.

Fuente: Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU)
Clasificación: Ahorro Previsional
Tipo de Publicación: Documentos de Trabajo
Idioma:

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Adequate contribution rates for sustainable pension funding: Lessons from the german debate and actual practice

Autor: Sailer, Markus
Año: 2015
Resumen: Pension funding ought to follow a comprehensive concept of sustainability. That means to strike a balance between broad and affordable coverage, adequate benefits and retaining sufficient financial reserves. In the case of Germany this means to face the challenge of an ageing population and therefore curb the trend increase in contribution rates while maintaining adequate replacement rates and raise the retirement age to account for longevity increases. The German statutory pension insurance is funded according to the pay-as-you-go method. Revenues are generated through mandatory and voluntary contributions to cover earned entitlements and through transfers from the federal budget to cover the redistributive part of the social insurance pension scheme. Based on demographic and economic projections the rate of contribution is set on an annual base in a way that ensures the liquidity of the pension insurance throughout the entire year. At the end of the year the liquidity reserve should amount between 20 and 150 percent of the expenditures covered by contributions. Otherwise the rate of contribution is adjusted accordingly. The determination of the rate of contribution is carried out in a process that involves continuous and structured monitoring of demographic, economic and financial developments affecting the liquidity of the pension insurance over the entire year. This monitoring includes stakeholders and independent parties as well. It is this plurality of views having a share in the process that safeguards its quality.

Fuente: Fundación Friedrich-Ebert (FES)
Clasificación: Fondos de Inversión
Tipo de Publicación: Informes
Idioma:

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Can a Small Social Pension Promote Labor Force Participation?: Evidence from the Colombia Mayor Program

Autor: Pfutze, Tobias; Rodriguez Castelan, Carlos; Pfutze, Tobias
Año: 2015
Resumen: One of the primary motivations behind the establishment of noncontributory pension programs is to allow beneficiaries to retire from the labor force. Yet, as with other unconditional cash transfer schemes, their aggregate effects may be more complex. Using panel data and instrumental variable techniques, this paper shows that the effect of one such program, Colombia Mayor, has been to raise the labor force participation of relatively younger male beneficiaries. This increase occurred precisely in the occupations with characteristics that are likely to require some up-front investment. The paper concludes that the transfer effectively loosened the liquidity constraints to remaining in these occupations. However, no such effect is found among women or older beneficiaries.

Fuente: Banco Mundial
Clasificación: Mercado Laboral
Tipo de Publicación: Documentos de Trabajo
Idioma:

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Occupational Pensions in Sweden

Autor: Anderson, Karen M.
Año: 2015
Resumen: Sweden is known for its comprehensive welfare state, and the pension system is no exception. A single, unified statutory pension scheme provides earnings-related benefits to all Swedish workers. Sweden`s extensive system of mandatory and collectively negotiated occupational pensions is a less well known, yet vital part of the overall pension system. The single most important precondition for a Swedish-style approach to occupational pension provision is a robust collective bargaining system with mandatory occupational pension coverage. In Sweden 90 percent of all workers are covered by collectively negotiated occupational pension schemes. Most occupational pension schemes are defined contribution with individual investment choice, which add an average of 10 percent to income insured by the statutory pension system. Non-profit organisations owned by employers and unions administer private sector schemes, limiting the range of financial institutions offering products to occupational scheme members. This keeps management fees low and excludes risky investment vehicles.

Fuente: https://library.fes.de/pdf-files/id/12113.pdf
Clasificación: Seguridad Social y Sistemas de Pensiones
Tipo de Publicación: Informes
Idioma:

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Atypical Employment« is Becoming a Norm, but have Pension Systems Responded Yet?: A Comparison of Six European Countries

Autor: Buschoff, Karin Schulze
Año: 2015
Resumen: More than one-third of European workers are now employed in »atypical« forms of work, and the trend is growing. For example, part-time employment has already become normal in the Netherlands, solo self-employment in Italy and fixed-term employment or contract work in Poland. The income of those in atypical employment is usually below average. Women are particularly affected. Men form the majority only in solo self-employment, although women are catching up here, too. Atypical employment tends to be very »dynamic« in the sense of a multitude of transitions from one form of employment to another and goes hand in hand with increased risk of unemployment and thus discontinuous earnings. This has particular implications for social security, especially old age pensions. Against this background, the best old age pensions are those that guarantee (poverty preventing) basic social security regardless of a person’s employment history (good examples include the Netherlands and Denmark, while the United Kingdom is a bad example). Increasingly problematic are state old age pension systems that are strongly oriented to the equivalence principle and are contribution- and insurance-based (Poland, Italy and Germany. Trade union representation rights for »atypical employees« are often legally curtailed and have been further reduced over the past ten years, and not only in countries under Troika programmes. More recently, however, a number of promising trade union strategies have been identified in dealing with atypical and often precarious employment.

Fuente: Fundación Friedrich-Ebert (FES)
Clasificación: Seguridad Social y Sistemas de Pensiones
Tipo de Publicación: Informes
Idioma:

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