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Living on the Edge : Vulnerability to Poverty and Public Transfers in Mexico

Autor: Ortiz-Juarez, Eduardo; de la Fuente, Alejandro; Rodriguez Castelan, Carlos.
Año: 2015
Resumen: Social policy in Mexico has focused on identifying and supporting chronically poor households. Yet, Mexico has a significant number of households that are just above the poverty line who are not eligible, by definition, for antipoverty programs and are at risk of falling back into poverty in the event of an economic crisis or shocks like loss of employment and natural disasters. These shocks can have serious negative effects on welfare in the absence of social safety nets targeted to these households. This study uses household survey data to better understand these "vulnerable" households, including their profile and risk exposure and, more importantly, to document the extent to which these households are covered by public transfers and insurance mechanisms. The analysis shows that until 2010 most social programs, including the few with productive components, such as vocational training and productive investment grants, barely covered the vulnerable. The study concludes that public policies need to pay attention to the vulnerable households and find the right policy mix between targeted interventions and universal insurance schemes to serve this economic group.

Fuente: Banco Mundial
Clasificación: Seguridad Social y Sistemas de Pensiones
Tipo de Publicación: Documentos de Trabajo
Idioma:

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Poverty and Shared Prosperity in Russia: Deconstructing Russia’s Shared Prosperity Success -- The Role of Labor and Non-Labor Income

Autor: Banco Mundial
Año: 2015
Resumen: The Russian Federation has sustained significant growth over the past decade, accompanied by high rates of income mobility for all groups in the population. The positive outcomes in economic growth were accompanied by economic mobility for most households, reflected in substantial poverty reduction. Inclusive growth has led to a positive performance of the country in terms of shared prosperity - measured by the income and consumption growth of the bottom 40 percent of the welfare distribution. Notwithstanding the positive performance observed, the recent trends suggest sustainability concerns. Alongside the inclusive economic growth, economic mobility has improved remarkably in the country as reflected by the growth of the middle class. Upward economic mobility in Russia appears to be the result of both increases in average income levels and changes in the distribution of income. Given the positive outcomes observed, the question is, to what extent is Russia’s favorable performance in terms of shared prosperity sustainable? To this end, this note explores the main drivers behind the progress to date. The evolutions of the labor market, on one hand, and the incidence of the fiscal system, on the other, appear as the two main factors driving the observed poverty reduction, increase in the income of the bottom 40, and growth of the middle class in Russia. The note is structured as follows: section one gives introduction. Section two presents an analysis of labor income, including an overview of market dynamics and the reduction of wage inequality in the country. Section three presents a summary of the lessons derived from the analysis that can inform policy dialogue and contribute to ensuring the sustainability of the progress achieved in shared prosperity going forward.

Fuente: Banco Mundial
Clasificación: Mercado Laboral
Tipo de Publicación: Informes
Idioma:

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Social Protection in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Countries: Trends and Challenges

Autor: Ovadiya, Mirey; Kryeziu, Adea; Masood, Syeda; Zapatero, Eric.
Año: 2015
Resumen: This discussion paper is the first output under the umbrella of the programmatic work on social protection in fragile and conflict-affected states. This work aims to develop operational guidance to teams on the likely determinants of effective social protection programming and policy making in fragile and conflict-affected settings. This paper elaborates on the role of social protection programming, and programming design and implementation features, that are prominent in fragile and conflict-affected states. In particular, the paper objectives in these countries, reflects on their revealed objectives, and discusses programming options chosen to achieve those objectives as well as how several countries have overcome particular operational and capacity constraints. This paper presents a methodology that has been devised to group countries based on income, capacity, and extent of enabling environment. Use of this methodology will aid in understanding trends, patterns, and key factors in policy making and programming choices, good and bad.

Fuente: Banco Mundial
Clasificación: Seguridad Social y Sistemas de Pensiones
Tipo de Publicación: Documentos de Trabajo
Idioma:

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Importancia del ahorro previsional voluntario, factores clave para su desarrollo y algunas experiencias exitosas

Autor: Federación Internacional de Administradoras de Fondos de Pensiones (FIAP)
Año: 2015
Resumen: En este breve artículo se describen las razones que están detrás de la necesidad de contar con productos de ahorro previsional voluntario, como mecanismo para mejorar las pensiones de los trabajadores, habida consideración de los cambios demográficos (aumento en las expectativas de vida) y la baja densidad de cotizaciones. Asimismo, se destacan las condiciones de oportunidad para el mercado de productos previsionales voluntarios en América Latina (longevidad y crecimiento de la clase media) y factores clave para el desarrollo del ahorro voluntario que han sido descritos en la literatura reciente, derivados de las experiencias de otros países, tales como Chile, Estados Unidos, Nueva Zelanda y el Reino Unido.

Fuente: Federación Internacional de Administradoras de Fondos de Pensiones (FIAP)
Clasificación: Ahorro Previsional
Tipo de Publicación: Notas de Pensiones
Idioma:

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Pensions at a Glance Latin America and the Caribbean

Autor: Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE); Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID); Banco Mundial
Año: 2015
Resumen: This comprehensive examination of pension systems in Latin America and the Caribbean looks at recent trends in retirement and working at older ages, evolving life expectancy, design of pension systems, and pension entitlements before providing a series of country profiles. The special chapter analyses the coverage and adequacy of Latin American pension systems.

Fuente: Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE)
Clasificación: Seguridad Social y Sistemas de Pensiones
Tipo de Publicación: Informes
Idioma:

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